Jon Ellison Wrote:
-------------------------------------------------------
> Warwick Wrote:
> --------------------------------------------------
> -----
> > Jon Ellison Wrote:
> >
> --------------------------------------------------
>
> > -----
> > > What classification and specification of
> modern
> > > copper most closely resembles that of the
> > copper
> > > available during the AE fourth dynasty?
> > >
> > > How would a modern copper of similar
> > > classification and specification to that of
> the
> > AE
> > > 4th dynasty impact upon the functionality of
> > any
> > > tooling and any tooling materials
> experiments?
> > > Are we suggesting that 4th AE copper tooling
> > was
> > > of a higher and more suitable specification
> > than
> > > today's copper alloys?
> >
> >
> > Not commenting either way. I am merely
> > recognising that any difference will call into
> > question the resu


> If we were to use a modern copper alloy of a
> higher specification than all known AE examples.
> How would we interpret the results?


they would be inconclusive and disputed


>
>
> >
> >
> > > Or even at the very least in terms of granite
> > > working, todays forged tool steel and
> tungsten
> > > carbide tipped tools?
> >
> > How we do it today is not the question.
>
> How we do it today is dictated by the worked
> material itself, which is unchanged since AE
> times, Red Granite.
> Today it is absolutely necessary to use forged
> tool steel and tungsten carbide.


In your opinion


A necessary
> process which supports a modern global industry in
> tool production.
> Has the red granite become harder and more
> difficult to work over the last 4500 years or so?


of course not, don't be silly.


>
>
> >
> >
> > >
> > > With regard to granite working. Did the 4th
> AE
> > > have the means to produce and have the use of
> > > forged Steel tools?
> >
> > They had access to iron, they had access to the
> > requirements for steeling iron. While I do not
> > think they did I do not rule it out either
>
> Where did the 4th AE obtain their iron?

where did I say they did?

> How did they convert their iron into steel alloy?

where did I say they did?

> Are there any examples of 4th AE steel alloy?

not to my knowedge , no. are tghere any examples of same from an earlier civilisation?


>
> Iron isn't forged tool steel and tungsten carbide,
> nowhere near.

where did I say it was?

Warwick